The Torah · Old Testament
Numbers 16
Challenges to Moses and Aaron, and a halted plague
General context
Korah and other leaders challenge Moses and Aaron, arguing that the whole congregation is holy. Moses proposes an incense test and rebukes the Levites for seeking the priesthood. Dathan and Abiram refuse his summons and accuse him of failed leadership. After warnings to move away, the earth swallows the people and households described at the tents, and fire consumes the 250 men offering incense. Their brass censers become an altar covering and warning. The next day the congregation blames Moses and Aaron for the deaths. A plague begins, but Aaron takes incense among the people and stands between the dead and the living; the plague stops after 14,700 deaths, besides those in the earlier incident.
Cited passages: Numbers 16:1, Numbers 16:2, Numbers 16:3, Numbers 16:4, Numbers 16:5, Numbers 16:6, Numbers 16:7, Numbers 16:8, Numbers 16:9, Numbers 16:10, Numbers 16:11, Numbers 16:12, Numbers 16:13, Numbers 16:14, Numbers 16:15, Numbers 16:16, Numbers 16:17, Numbers 16:18, Numbers 16:19, Numbers 16:23, Numbers 16:24, Numbers 16:25, Numbers 16:26, Numbers 16:27, Numbers 16:28, Numbers 16:29, Numbers 16:30, Numbers 16:31, Numbers 16:32, Numbers 16:33, Numbers 16:34, Numbers 16:35, Numbers 16:36, Numbers 16:37, Numbers 16:38, Numbers 16:39, Numbers 16:40, Numbers 16:41, Numbers 16:42, Numbers 16:43, Numbers 16:44, Numbers 16:45, Numbers 16:46, Numbers 16:47, Numbers 16:48, Numbers 16:49, Numbers 16:50
Numbers 16 (KJV)
1Now Korah, the son of Izhar, the son of Kohath, the son of Levi, and Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab, and On, the son of Peleth, sons of Reuben, took men:
2And they rose up before Moses, with certain of the children of Israel, two hundred and fifty princes of the assembly, famous in the congregation, men of renown:
3And they gathered themselves together against Moses and against Aaron, and said unto them, Ye take too much upon you, seeing all the congregation are holy, every one of them, and the Lord is among them: wherefore then lift ye up yourselves above the congregation of the Lord?
4And when Moses heard it, he fell upon his face:
5And he spake unto Korah and unto all his company, saying, Even to morrow the Lord will shew who are his, and who is holy; and will cause him to come near unto him: even him whom he hath chosen will he cause to come near unto him.
6This do; Take you censers, Korah, and all his company;
7And put fire therein, and put incense in them before the Lord to morrow: and it shall be that the man whom the Lord doth choose, he shall be holy: ye take too much upon you, ye sons of Levi.
8And Moses said unto Korah, Hear, I pray you, ye sons of Levi:
9Seemeth it but a small thing unto you, that the God of Israel hath separated you from the congregation of Israel, to bring you near to himself to do the service of the tabernacle of the Lord, and to stand before the congregation to minister unto them?
10And he hath brought thee near to him, and all thy brethren the sons of Levi with thee: and seek ye the priesthood also?
11For which cause both thou and all thy company are gathered together against the Lord: and what is Aaron, that ye murmur against him?
12And Moses sent to call Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab: which said, We will not come up:
13Is it a small thing that thou hast brought us up out of a land that floweth with milk and honey, to kill us in the wilderness, except thou make thyself altogether a prince over us?
14Moreover thou hast not brought us into a land that floweth with milk and honey, or given us inheritance of fields and vineyards: wilt thou put out the eyes of these men? we will not come up.
15And Moses was very wroth, and said unto the Lord, Respect not thou their offering: I have not taken one ass from them, neither have I hurt one of them.
16And Moses said unto Korah, Be thou and all thy company before the Lord, thou, and they, and Aaron, to morrow:
17And take every man his censer, and put incense in them, and bring ye before the Lord every man his censer, two hundred and fifty censers; thou also, and Aaron, each of you his censer.
18And they took every man his censer, and put fire in them, and laid incense thereon, and stood in the door of the tabernacle of the congregation with Moses and Aaron.
19And Korah gathered all the congregation against them unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and the glory of the Lord appeared unto all the congregation.
20And the Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying,
21Separate yourselves from among this congregation, that I may consume them in a moment.
22And they fell upon their faces, and said, O God, the God of the spirits of all flesh, shall one man sin, and wilt thou be wroth with all the congregation?
23And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,
24Speak unto the congregation, saying, Get you up from about the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram.
25And Moses rose up and went unto Dathan and Abiram; and the elders of Israel followed him.
26And he spake unto the congregation, saying, Depart, I pray you, from the tents of these wicked men, and touch nothing of theirs, lest ye be consumed in all their sins.
27So they gat up from the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, on every side: and Dathan and Abiram came out, and stood in the door of their tents, and their wives, and their sons, and their little children.
28And Moses said, Hereby ye shall know that the Lord hath sent me to do all these works; for I have not done them of mine own mind.
29If these men die the common death of all men, or if they be visited after the visitation of all men; then the Lord hath not sent me.
30But if the Lord make a new thing, and the earth open her mouth, and swallow them up, with all that appertain unto them, and they go down quick into the pit; then ye shall understand that these men have provoked the Lord.
31And it came to pass, as he had made an end of speaking all these words, that the ground clave asunder that was under them:
32And the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed them up, and their houses, and all the men that appertained unto Korah, and all their goods.
33They, and all that appertained to them, went down alive into the pit, and the earth closed upon them: and they perished from among the congregation.
34And all Israel that were round about them fled at the cry of them: for they said, Lest the earth swallow us up also.
35And there came out a fire from the Lord, and consumed the two hundred and fifty men that offered incense.
36And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,
37Speak unto Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest, that he take up the censers out of the burning, and scatter thou the fire yonder; for they are hallowed.
38The censers of these sinners against their own souls, let them make them broad plates for a covering of the altar: for they offered them before the Lord, therefore they are hallowed: and they shall be a sign unto the children of Israel.
39And Eleazar the priest took the brasen censers, wherewith they that were burnt had offered; and they were made broad plates for a covering of the altar:
40To be a memorial unto the children of Israel, that no stranger, which is not of the seed of Aaron, come near to offer incense before the Lord; that he be not as Korah, and as his company: as the Lord said to him by the hand of Moses.
41But on the morrow all the congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron, saying, Ye have killed the people of the Lord.
42And it came to pass, when the congregation was gathered against Moses and against Aaron, that they looked toward the tabernacle of the congregation: and, behold, the cloud covered it, and the glory of the Lord appeared.
43And Moses and Aaron came before the tabernacle of the congregation.
44And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,
45Get you up from among this congregation, that I may consume them as in a moment. And they fell upon their faces.
46And Moses said unto Aaron, Take a censer, and put fire therein from off the altar, and put on incense, and go quickly unto the congregation, and make an atonement for them: for there is wrath gone out from the Lord; the plague is begun.
47And Aaron took as Moses commanded, and ran into the midst of the congregation; and, behold, the plague was begun among the people: and he put on incense, and made an atonement for the people.
48And he stood between the dead and the living; and the plague was stayed.
49Now they that died in the plague were fourteen thousand and seven hundred, beside them that died about the matter of Korah.
50And Aaron returned unto Moses unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and the plague was stayed.
This page shows the King James Version. In the app, reading opens in the Berean Standard Bible unless you have chosen another translation. The reader includes five translations: the Berean Standard Bible (BSB), the King James Version (KJV), the World English Bible (WEB), the Bible in Basic English (BBE), and the American Standard Version (ASV). Search covers three of them: Berean Standard, King James, and World English. Basic English and American Standard readers search the King James words.
Historical context
Korah is identified through the Levitical line of Kohath; Dathan, Abiram and On are associated with Reuben. On is named at the opening without a later individual outcome here. Dathan and Abiram reverse the usual promise-language by calling the land Moses brought them from a land flowing with milk and honey. Their wives, sons and little children are explicitly present at the tents before the earth opens. Eleazar is assigned to collect the censers because their presentation before the Lord has made them holy, even though the offerers are condemned.
Cited passages: Numbers 16:1, Numbers 16:2, Numbers 16:3, Numbers 16:12, Numbers 16:13, Numbers 16:14, Numbers 16:27, Numbers 16:28, Numbers 16:29, Numbers 16:30, Numbers 16:31, Numbers 16:32, Numbers 16:33, Numbers 16:34, Numbers 16:35, Numbers 16:36, Numbers 16:37, Numbers 16:38, Numbers 16:39
Literary context
The dispute begins with the congregation's holiness and develops into a question of who may approach to offer incense. Incense is involved both in the death of unauthorized offerers and in Aaron's action that halts the plague. Moses and Aaron repeatedly fall on their faces; when threatened judgment extends to the congregation, they plead for the people. The account gives distinct scenes of earth, fire and plague rather than one undifferentiated death total. Its final image places the challenged priest between the dead and the living.
Cited passages: Numbers 16:3, Numbers 16:4, Numbers 16:5, Numbers 16:6, Numbers 16:7, Numbers 16:8, Numbers 16:9, Numbers 16:10, Numbers 16:11, Numbers 16:20, Numbers 16:21, Numbers 16:22, Numbers 16:28, Numbers 16:29, Numbers 16:30, Numbers 16:31, Numbers 16:32, Numbers 16:33, Numbers 16:34, Numbers 16:35, Numbers 16:40, Numbers 16:41, Numbers 16:42, Numbers 16:43, Numbers 16:44, Numbers 16:45, Numbers 16:46, Numbers 16:47, Numbers 16:48, Numbers 16:49, Numbers 16:50
Key moments
- The challenge (Numbers 16:3). The leaders appeal to the holiness of the whole congregation in their accusation against Moses and Aaron.
- The ground opens (Numbers 16:32). The earth swallows the people, households and goods described in the judgment scene.
- Between dead and living (Numbers 16:48). Aaron stands in the midst of the people, and the plague is stopped.
For reflection
What do Moses' and Aaron's actions for the congregation add to a story about disputed authority? What questions remain when the account includes the suffering of whole households?
People in this chapter
Also indexed here: