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The Early Church · New Testament

Acts 5

Acts 5: Ananias and Sapphira, the opened prison, and Gamaliel's counsel

General context

Ananias, with Sapphira his wife, sells a possession, keeps back part of the price and brings the rest to the apostles. Peter asks why Satan filled his heart to lie to the Holy Ghost, says the land and its price were his own, and tells him he has lied to God. Ananias falls down and dies, and the young men carry him out and bury him. About three hours later Sapphira comes in, not knowing what has happened, and confirms the smaller price when Peter asks. Peter says they agreed together and that the buriers are at the door; she falls down and dies and is buried beside her husband. Great fear comes upon all the church. Signs and wonders follow, the sick are laid in the streets, and crowds come from surrounding cities. The high priest and the Sadducees put the apostles in the common prison, but an angel opens the doors by night and sends them to the temple. The officers find the prison shut and empty. Brought before the council, Peter says they ought to obey God rather than men. Gamaliel, a Pharisee and doctor of the law, cites Theudas and Judas of Galilee and advises leaving the men alone. The council beats the apostles, forbids them to speak in the name of Jesus, and lets them go; they keep teaching daily.

Cited passages: Acts 5:1, Acts 5:2, Acts 5:3, Acts 5:4, Acts 5:5, Acts 5:6, Acts 5:7, Acts 5:8, Acts 5:9, Acts 5:10, Acts 5:11, Acts 5:12, Acts 5:15, Acts 5:16, Acts 5:17, Acts 5:18, Acts 5:19, Acts 5:20, Acts 5:22, Acts 5:23, Acts 5:27, Acts 5:29, Acts 5:34, Acts 5:36, Acts 5:37, Acts 5:38, Acts 5:40, Acts 5:42

Acts 5 (KJV)

1But a certain man named Ananias, with Sapphira his wife, sold a possession,

2And kept back part of the price, his wife also being privy to it, and brought a certain part, and laid it at the apostles’ feet.

3But Peter said, Ananias, why hath Satan filled thine heart to lie to the Holy Ghost, and to keep back part of the price of the land?

4Whiles it remained, was it not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? why hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? thou hast not lied unto men, but unto God.

5And Ananias hearing these words fell down, and gave up the ghost: and great fear came on all them that heard these things.

6And the young men arose, wound him up, and carried him out, and buried him.

7And it was about the space of three hours after, when his wife, not knowing what was done, came in.

8And Peter answered unto her, Tell me whether ye sold the land for so much? And she said, Yea, for so much.

9Then Peter said unto her, How is it that ye have agreed together to tempt the Spirit of the Lord? behold, the feet of them which have buried thy husband are at the door, and shall carry thee out.

10Then fell she down straightway at his feet, and yielded up the ghost: and the young men came in, and found her dead, and, carrying her forth, buried her by her husband.

11And great fear came upon all the church, and upon as many as heard these things.

12And by the hands of the apostles were many signs and wonders wrought among the people; (and they were all with one accord in Solomon’s porch.

13And of the rest durst no man join himself to them: but the people magnified them.

14And believers were the more added to the Lord, multitudes both of men and women.)

15Insomuch that they brought forth the sick into the streets, and laid them on beds and couches, that at the least the shadow of Peter passing by might overshadow some of them.

16There came also a multitude out of the cities round about unto Jerusalem, bringing sick folks, and them which were vexed with unclean spirits: and they were healed every one.

17Then the high priest rose up, and all they that were with him, (which is the sect of the Sadducees,) and were filled with indignation,

18And laid their hands on the apostles, and put them in the common prison.

19But the angel of the Lord by night opened the prison doors, and brought them forth, and said,

20Go, stand and speak in the temple to the people all the words of this life.

21And when they heard that, they entered into the temple early in the morning, and taught. But the high priest came, and they that were with him, and called the council together, and all the senate of the children of Israel, and sent to the prison to have them brought.

22But when the officers came, and found them not in the prison, they returned, and told,

23Saying, The prison truly found we shut with all safety, and the keepers standing without before the doors: but when we had opened, we found no man within.

24Now when the high priest and the captain of the temple and the chief priests heard these things, they doubted of them whereunto this would grow.

25Then came one and told them, saying, Behold, the men whom ye put in prison are standing in the temple, and teaching the people.

26Then went the captain with the officers, and brought them without violence: for they feared the people, lest they should have been stoned.

27And when they had brought them, they set them before the council: and the high priest asked them,

28Saying, Did not we straitly command you that ye should not teach in this name? and, behold, ye have filled Jerusalem with your doctrine, and intend to bring this man’s blood upon us.

29Then Peter and the other apostles answered and said, We ought to obey God rather than men.

30The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom ye slew and hanged on a tree.

31Him hath God exalted with his right hand to be a Prince and a Saviour, for to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins.

32And we are his witnesses of these things; and so is also the Holy Ghost, whom God hath given to them that obey him.

33When they heard that, they were cut to the heart, and took counsel to slay them.

34Then stood there up one in the council, a Pharisee, named Gamaliel, a doctor of the law, had in reputation among all the people, and commanded to put the apostles forth a little space;

35And said unto them, Ye men of Israel, take heed to yourselves what ye intend to do as touching these men.

36For before these days rose up Theudas, boasting himself to be somebody; to whom a number of men, about four hundred, joined themselves: who was slain; and all, as many as obeyed him, were scattered, and brought to nought.

37After this man rose up Judas of Galilee in the days of the taxing, and drew away much people after him: he also perished; and all, even as many as obeyed him, were dispersed.

38And now I say unto you, Refrain from these men, and let them alone: for if this counsel or this work be of men, it will come to nought:

39But if it be of God, ye can not overthrow it; lest haply ye be found even to fight against God.

40And to him they agreed: and when they had called the apostles, and beaten them, they commanded that they should not speak in the name of Jesus, and let them go.

41And they departed from the presence of the council, rejoicing that they were counted worthy to suffer shame for his name.

42And daily in the temple, and in every house, they ceased not to teach and preach Jesus Christ.

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Historical context

The narrator reports both deaths plainly and gives no cause beyond the words spoken before them. Peter's own statement says the property was the man's while it remained and the price was in his own power after the sale, and he names the offence as lying, first to the Holy Ghost and then not unto men, but unto God. This Ananias is the husband of Sapphira; a different man of the same name is a disciple at Damascus in 9:10, and the two are not connected by the text. Gamaliel is described as a Pharisee, a doctor of the law, had in reputation among all the people. His two examples, Theudas and the figure of about four hundred men, and Judas of Galilee in the days of the taxing, stand inside his own speech; the narrator neither confirms nor expands them. The beating at 5:40 is stated without a number of stripes, and the angel who opens the prison is not described further.

Cited passages: Acts 5:5, Acts 5:10, Acts 5:4, Acts 5:3, Acts 5:1, Acts 9:10, Acts 5:34, Acts 5:36, Acts 5:37, Acts 5:40, Acts 5:19

Literary context

The opening scene is told twice, once for the husband and once for the wife, with the three hour gap between them and the same sequence of question, answer, collapse and burial. The narrator's words match across the pair, gave up the ghost for the one and yielded up the ghost for the other, and great fear is recorded at 5:5 and again at 5:11. The kept back part stands against 4:37, where Barnabas sells his land and brings the money. The second half repeats the pattern of arrest and release, and the officers' report of a prison found shut with all safety is quoted in their own words. The council's question about teaching in this name meets the same refusal as in the previous chapter, and the last verses put a beating and rejoicing side by side.

Cited passages: Acts 5:7, Acts 5:5, Acts 5:10, Acts 5:11, Acts 5:2, Acts 4:37, Acts 5:18, Acts 5:23, Acts 5:28, Acts 5:29, Acts 5:40, Acts 5:41

Key moments

  1. Part of the price kept back (Acts 5:2). Ananias keeps back part of the money, with his wife's knowledge, and brings the rest.
  2. Ananias falls down (Acts 5:5). Ananias hears Peter's words, falls down and dies, and fear comes on those who hear of it.
  3. Sapphira answers Peter (Acts 5:8). Not knowing what has happened, Sapphira confirms the smaller price when Peter asks her.
  4. Prison doors opened (Acts 5:19). The angel of the Lord opens the prison doors by night and sends the apostles to the temple.
  5. Obey God rather than men (Acts 5:29). Peter and the apostles answer the council's charge with a refusal to stop.
  6. Gamaliel's advice (Acts 5:38). Gamaliel urges the council to leave the men alone and see whether the work stands.
  7. Beaten and released (Acts 5:40). The council beats the apostles, forbids them to speak in the name of Jesus, and lets them go.

For reflection

Peter tells Ananias that the land and the money were his own to keep, which makes the fault something other than withholding. What does the chapter say the fault actually was, and how does Sapphira's answer at the door fit that description?

People in this chapter

Also indexed here:

  • Gamaliel
  • Judas
  • Theudas