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The Histories · Old Testament

Esther 4

Esther decides to approach the king

General context

A decree threatens the Jews with destruction, and Mordecai urges Esther to appeal to the king for her people. Esther explains the danger of entering the king's inner court without being summoned. Mordecai warns that palace life will not guarantee her safety and asks whether she has come to her royal position for this moment. Esther calls for a three-day fast that will include herself and her attendants as well as the Jews in Shushan. She resolves to approach the king despite the risk of death. The chapter ends with preparations for the appeal; its outcome is still unresolved.

Cited passages: Esther 4:3, Esther 4:7, Esther 4:8, Esther 4:11, Esther 4:13, Esther 4:14, Esther 4:16, Esther 4:17

Esther 4 (KJV)

1When Mordecai perceived all that was done, Mordecai rent his clothes, and put on sackcloth with ashes, and went out into the midst of the city, and cried with a loud and a bitter cry;

2And came even before the king’s gate: for none might enter into the king’s gate clothed with sackcloth.

3And in every province, whithersoever the king’s commandment and his decree came, there was great mourning among the Jews, and fasting, and weeping, and wailing; and many lay in sackcloth and ashes.

4So Esther’s maids and her chamberlains came and told it her. Then was the queen exceedingly grieved; and she sent raiment to clothe Mordecai, and to take away his sackcloth from him: but he received it not.

5Then called Esther for Hatach, one of the king’s chamberlains, whom he had appointed to attend upon her, and gave him a commandment to Mordecai, to know what it was, and why it was.

6So Hatach went forth to Mordecai unto the street of the city, which was before the king’s gate.

7And Mordecai told him of all that had happened unto him, and of the sum of the money that Haman had promised to pay to the king’s treasuries for the Jews, to destroy them.

8Also he gave him the copy of the writing of the decree that was given at Shushan to destroy them, to shew it unto Esther, and to declare it unto her, and to charge her that she should go in unto the king, to make supplication unto him, and to make request before him for her people.

9And Hatach came and told Esther the words of Mordecai.

10Again Esther spake unto Hatach, and gave him commandment unto Mordecai;

11All the king’s servants, and the people of the king’s provinces, do know, that whosoever, whether man or woman, shall come unto the king into the inner court, who is not called, there is one law of his to put him to death, except such to whom the king shall hold out the golden sceptre, that he may live: but I have not been called to come in unto the king these thirty days.

12And they told to Mordecai Esther’s words.

13Then Mordecai commanded to answer Esther, Think not with thyself that thou shalt escape in the king’s house, more than all the Jews.

14For if thou altogether holdest thy peace at this time, then shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place; but thou and thy father’s house shall be destroyed: and who knoweth whether thou art come to the kingdom for such a time as this?

15Then Esther bade them return Mordecai this answer,

16Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and fast ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day: I also and my maidens will fast likewise; and so will I go in unto the king, which is not according to the law: and if I perish, I perish.

17So Mordecai went his way, and did according to all that Esther had commanded him.

This page shows the King James Version. In the app, reading opens in the Berean Standard Bible unless you have chosen another translation. The reader includes five translations: the Berean Standard Bible (BSB), the King James Version (KJV), the World English Bible (WEB), the Bible in Basic English (BBE), and the American Standard Version (ASV). Search covers three of them: Berean Standard, King James, and World English. Basic English and American Standard readers search the King James words.

Historical context

The account places Esther within the royal household and Mordecai outside the king's gate, with Hatach carrying messages between them. Sackcloth, ashes, weeping and fasting express mourning among the Jews. Esther describes a court rule imposing death on someone who approaches the king in the inner court without being summoned unless the king extends his golden sceptre, and says she has not been summoned for thirty days. Even for the queen, an approach without a summons carries this risk. She asks the Jews in Shushan to fast for her and says that she and her attendants will also fast.

Cited passages: Esther 4:1, Esther 4:2, Esther 4:3, Esther 4:4, Esther 4:5, Esther 4:6, Esther 4:9, Esther 4:11, Esther 4:16

Literary context

The exchange unfolds through messengers, allowing readers to hear both Mordecai's appeal and Esther's account of the danger. The familiar words about a time like this appear within Mordecai's question in verse 14. They invite Esther to consider her position while the risk remains real. A change in who gives instructions marks her decision: Mordecai first asks Esther to act, then Esther directs the fast, and the final verse says Mordecai does what she commands. The chapter's movement ends in a decision to act before the result is known.

Cited passages: Esther 4:5, Esther 4:8, Esther 4:9, Esther 4:10, Esther 4:11, Esther 4:13, Esther 4:14, Esther 4:15, Esther 4:16, Esther 4:17

For reflection

How does Esther respond to the risk she describes in verse 11?

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