The Histories · Old Testament
1 Samuel 11
Saul rescues Jabesh-gilead
General context
Nahash the Ammonite besieges Jabesh-gilead and demands the loss of the men's right eyes as a condition of submission. The town obtains time to seek help. When Saul hears the news, the Spirit of God comes upon him and he summons Israel. His army defeats the Ammonites. Saul then refuses to execute those who had opposed his kingship, crediting the Lord with Israel's deliverance. The people renew the kingdom at Gilgal.
Cited passages: 1 Samuel 11:1, 1 Samuel 11:2, 1 Samuel 11:3, 1 Samuel 11:4, 1 Samuel 11:5, 1 Samuel 11:6, 1 Samuel 11:7, 1 Samuel 11:8, 1 Samuel 11:9, 1 Samuel 11:10, 1 Samuel 11:11, 1 Samuel 11:12, 1 Samuel 11:13, 1 Samuel 11:14, 1 Samuel 11:15
1 Samuel 11 (KJV)
1Then Nahash the Ammonite came up, and encamped against Jabesh-gilead: and all the men of Jabesh said unto Nahash, Make a covenant with us, and we will serve thee.
2And Nahash the Ammonite answered them, On this condition will I make a covenant with you, that I may thrust out all your right eyes, and lay it for a reproach upon all Israel.
3And the elders of Jabesh said unto him, Give us seven days’ respite, that we may send messengers unto all the coasts of Israel: and then, if there be no man to save us, we will come out to thee.
4Then came the messengers to Gibeah of Saul, and told the tidings in the ears of the people: and all the people lifted up their voices, and wept.
5And, behold, Saul came after the herd out of the field; and Saul said, What aileth the people that they weep? And they told him the tidings of the men of Jabesh.
6And the Spirit of God came upon Saul when he heard those tidings, and his anger was kindled greatly.
7And he took a yoke of oxen, and hewed them in pieces, and sent them throughout all the coasts of Israel by the hands of messengers, saying, Whosoever cometh not forth after Saul and after Samuel, so shall it be done unto his oxen. And the fear of the Lord fell on the people, and they came out with one consent.
8And when he numbered them in Bezek, the children of Israel were three hundred thousand, and the men of Judah thirty thousand.
9And they said unto the messengers that came, Thus shall ye say unto the men of Jabesh-gilead, To morrow, by that time the sun be hot, ye shall have help. And the messengers came and shewed it to the men of Jabesh; and they were glad.
10Therefore the men of Jabesh said, To morrow we will come out unto you, and ye shall do with us all that seemeth good unto you.
11And it was so on the morrow, that Saul put the people in three companies; and they came into the midst of the host in the morning watch, and slew the Ammonites until the heat of the day: and it came to pass, that they which remained were scattered, so that two of them were not left together.
12And the people said unto Samuel, Who is he that said, Shall Saul reign over us? bring the men, that we may put them to death.
13And Saul said, There shall not a man be put to death this day: for to day the Lord hath wrought salvation in Israel.
14Then said Samuel to the people, Come, and let us go to Gilgal, and renew the kingdom there.
15And all the people went to Gilgal; and there they made Saul king before the Lord in Gilgal; and there they sacrificed sacrifices of peace offerings before the Lord; and there Saul and all the men of Israel rejoiced greatly.
This page shows the King James Version. In the app, reading opens in the Berean Standard Bible unless you have chosen another translation. The reader includes five translations: the Berean Standard Bible (BSB), the King James Version (KJV), the World English Bible (WEB), the Bible in Basic English (BBE), and the American Standard Version (ASV). Search covers three of them: Berean Standard, King James, and World English. Basic English and American Standard readers search the King James words.
Historical context
Jabesh's elders ask for seven days to send messengers through Israel. Saul is coming from the field when the report reaches him at Gibeah. His summons uses cut pieces of oxen and threatens the cattle of those who do not follow him and Samuel. The army assembles at Bezek and attacks in three companies during the morning watch.
Cited passages: 1 Samuel 11:3, 1 Samuel 11:4, 1 Samuel 11:5, 1 Samuel 11:6, 1 Samuel 11:7, 1 Samuel 11:8, 1 Samuel 11:9, 1 Samuel 11:10, 1 Samuel 11:11
Literary context
The question of who can save Jabesh receives its answer through Saul's action, yet Saul attributes the saving to the Lord. Public sorrow turns to the threatened town's gladness and then to celebration at Gilgal. The king's refusal to turn victory into a purge of his critics forms a distinct final act before the kingdom is renewed.
Cited passages: 1 Samuel 11:3, 1 Samuel 11:4, 1 Samuel 11:5, 1 Samuel 11:6, 1 Samuel 11:9, 1 Samuel 11:11, 1 Samuel 11:12, 1 Samuel 11:13, 1 Samuel 11:14, 1 Samuel 11:15
Key moments
- A humiliating demand (1 Samuel 11:2). Nahash demands the men's right eyes to bring reproach on Israel.
- Saul hears the news (1 Samuel 11:6). The Spirit of God comes upon Saul, and his anger is kindled.
- Rescue promised (1 Samuel 11:9). The messengers are told that help will reach Jabesh the next day.
- Vengeance refused (1 Samuel 11:13). Saul forbids executions and credits the Lord with deliverance.
- The kingdom renewed (1 Samuel 11:15). At Gilgal the people make Saul king before the Lord and rejoice.
For reflection
What does Saul's refusal to execute his opponents add to the account of his military success?
People in this chapter
Also indexed here: