The Histories · Old Testament
2 Chronicles 6
2 Chronicles 6: Solomon's blessing and prayer of dedication
General context
Solomon says the Lord has said he would dwell in thick darkness, but that he has built him a house of habitation. He turns and blesses the standing congregation: the Lord has fulfilled with his hands what he spoke to David, choosing no city and no ruler since the exodus until he chose Jerusalem and David; David wished to build, the Lord approved the wish but assigned the building to his son, and Solomon has now risen in David's place, built the house and put the ark in it. He then stands before the altar on a brasen scaffold five cubits square and three high, kneels before the congregation and spreads his hands toward heaven. He prays that there is no God like the Lord, who keeps covenant, that the promise to David be verified, and asks whether God will indeed dwell with men when heaven cannot contain him. He asks that God's eyes be open on this house and that he hear from heaven and forgive. Seven cases follow: an oath sworn before the altar; defeat by an enemy and then confession; heaven shut and no rain; dearth, pestilence, blight, locusts, siege or sickness; a stranger from a far country who prays in the house; Israel going out to war; and captives far or near who turn and pray toward their land, city and house. He ends by asking that God's eyes and ears attend this place, that the Lord arise into his resting place with the ark of his strength, that priests be clothed with salvation, that the face of the anointed not be turned away, and that the mercies of David be remembered.
Cited passages: 2 Chronicles 6:1, 2 Chronicles 6:2, 2 Chronicles 6:3, 2 Chronicles 6:4, 2 Chronicles 6:6, 2 Chronicles 6:9, 2 Chronicles 6:11, 2 Chronicles 6:13, 2 Chronicles 6:14, 2 Chronicles 6:17, 2 Chronicles 6:18, 2 Chronicles 6:21, 2 Chronicles 6:22, 2 Chronicles 6:24, 2 Chronicles 6:26, 2 Chronicles 6:28, 2 Chronicles 6:32, 2 Chronicles 6:34, 2 Chronicles 6:36, 2 Chronicles 6:38, 2 Chronicles 6:40, 2 Chronicles 6:41, 2 Chronicles 6:42
2 Chronicles 6 (KJV)
1Then said Solomon, The Lord hath said that he would dwell in the thick darkness.
2But I have built an house of habitation for thee, and a place for thy dwelling for ever.
3And the king turned his face, and blessed the whole congregation of Israel: and all the congregation of Israel stood.
4And he said, Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, who hath with his hands fulfilled that which he spake with his mouth to my father David, saying,
5Since the day that I brought forth my people out of the land of Egypt I chose no city among all the tribes of Israel to build an house in, that my name might be there; neither chose I any man to be a ruler over my people Israel:
6But I have chosen Jerusalem, that my name might be there; and have chosen David to be over my people Israel.
7Now it was in the heart of David my father to build an house for the name of the Lord God of Israel.
8But the Lord said to David my father, Forasmuch as it was in thine heart to build an house for my name, thou didst well in that it was in thine heart:
9Notwithstanding thou shalt not build the house; but thy son which shall come forth out of thy loins, he shall build the house for my name.
10The Lord therefore hath performed his word that he hath spoken: for I am risen up in the room of David my father, and am set on the throne of Israel, as the Lord promised, and have built the house for the name of the Lord God of Israel.
11And in it have I put the ark, wherein is the covenant of the Lord, that he made with the children of Israel.
12And he stood before the altar of the Lord in the presence of all the congregation of Israel, and spread forth his hands:
13For Solomon had made a brasen scaffold, of five cubits long, and five cubits broad, and three cubits high, and had set it in the midst of the court: and upon it he stood, and kneeled down upon his knees before all the congregation of Israel, and spread forth his hands toward heaven,
14And said, O Lord God of Israel, there is no God like thee in the heaven, nor in the earth; which keepest covenant, and shewest mercy unto thy servants, that walk before thee with all their hearts:
15Thou which hast kept with thy servant David my father that which thou hast promised him; and spakest with thy mouth, and hast fulfilled it with thine hand, as it is this day.
16Now therefore, O Lord God of Israel, keep with thy servant David my father that which thou hast promised him, saying, There shall not fail thee a man in my sight to sit upon the throne of Israel; yet so that thy children take heed to their way to walk in my law, as thou hast walked before me.
17Now then, O Lord God of Israel, let thy word be verified, which thou hast spoken unto thy servant David.
18But will God in very deed dwell with men on the earth? behold, heaven and the heaven of heavens cannot contain thee; how much less this house which I have built!
19Have respect therefore to the prayer of thy servant, and to his supplication, O Lord my God, to hearken unto the cry and the prayer which thy servant prayeth before thee:
20That thine eyes may be open upon this house day and night, upon the place whereof thou hast said that thou wouldest put thy name there; to hearken unto the prayer which thy servant prayeth toward this place.
21Hearken therefore unto the supplications of thy servant, and of thy people Israel, which they shall make toward this place: hear thou from thy dwelling place, even from heaven; and when thou hearest, forgive.
22If a man sin against his neighbour, and an oath be laid upon him to make him swear, and the oath come before thine altar in this house;
23Then hear thou from heaven, and do, and judge thy servants, by requiting the wicked, by recompensing his way upon his own head; and by justifying the righteous, by giving him according to his righteousness.
24And if thy people Israel be put to the worse before the enemy, because they have sinned against thee; and shall return and confess thy name, and pray and make supplication before thee in this house;
25Then hear thou from the heavens, and forgive the sin of thy people Israel, and bring them again unto the land which thou gavest to them and to their fathers.
26When the heaven is shut up, and there is no rain, because they have sinned against thee; yet if they pray toward this place, and confess thy name, and turn from their sin, when thou dost afflict them;
27Then hear thou from heaven, and forgive the sin of thy servants, and of thy people Israel, when thou hast taught them the good way, wherein they should walk; and send rain upon thy land, which thou hast given unto thy people for an inheritance.
28If there be dearth in the land, if there be pestilence, if there be blasting, or mildew, locusts, or caterpillers; if their enemies besiege them in the cities of their land; whatsoever sore or whatsoever sickness there be:
29Then what prayer or what supplication soever shall be made of any man, or of all thy people Israel, when every one shall know his own sore and his own grief, and shall spread forth his hands in this house:
30Then hear thou from heaven thy dwelling place, and forgive, and render unto every man according unto all his ways, whose heart thou knowest; (for thou only knowest the hearts of the children of men:)
31That they may fear thee, to walk in thy ways, so long as they live in the land which thou gavest unto our fathers.
32Moreover concerning the stranger, which is not of thy people Israel, but is come from a far country for thy great name’s sake, and thy mighty hand, and thy stretched out arm; if they come and pray in this house;
33Then hear thou from the heavens, even from thy dwelling place, and do according to all that the stranger calleth to thee for; that all people of the earth may know thy name, and fear thee, as doth thy people Israel, and may know that this house which I have built is called by thy name.
34If thy people go out to war against their enemies by the way that thou shalt send them, and they pray unto thee toward this city which thou hast chosen, and the house which I have built for thy name;
35Then hear thou from the heavens their prayer and their supplication, and maintain their cause.
36If they sin against thee, (for there is no man which sinneth not,) and thou be angry with them, and deliver them over before their enemies, and they carry them away captives unto a land far off or near;
37Yet if they bethink themselves in the land whither they are carried captive, and turn and pray unto thee in the land of their captivity, saying, We have sinned, we have done amiss, and have dealt wickedly;
38If they return to thee with all their heart and with all their soul in the land of their captivity, whither they have carried them captives, and pray toward their land, which thou gavest unto their fathers, and toward the city which thou hast chosen, and toward the house which I have built for thy name:
39Then hear thou from the heavens, even from thy dwelling place, their prayer and their supplications, and maintain their cause, and forgive thy people which have sinned against thee.
40Now, my God, let, I beseech thee, thine eyes be open, and let thine ears be attent unto the prayer that is made in this place.
41Now therefore arise, O Lord God, into thy resting place, thou, and the ark of thy strength: let thy priests, O Lord God, be clothed with salvation, and let thy saints rejoice in goodness.
42O Lord God, turn not away the face of thine anointed: remember the mercies of David thy servant.
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Historical context
Apart from brief narration of his turning, standing and kneeling, the whole chapter is Solomon's speech. Within it he quotes the Lord's earlier words to David about choosing Jerusalem and David and about the son who would build, and he quotes the promise that a man would not fail to sit on the throne, with its condition that David's children take heed to walk in the law. The opening statement that the Lord has said he would dwell in thick darkness is Solomon's attribution; the chapter does not say where the Lord said it. The brasen scaffold, five cubits by five and three high, is described only here, and the posture changes from standing to kneeling with hands spread toward heaven. The prayer treats captivity as a conditional possibility, if they sin, and includes Solomon's own generalisation that there is no man which sinneth not. The stranger is defined by Solomon as one not of Israel who comes from a far country for the Lord's name. The prayer calls the house a place for thy dwelling for ever and yet repeatedly asks God to hear from heaven, thy dwelling place; both statements stand in the text side by side. The anointed of the final verse is not further identified in the chapter. Nothing in the chapter reports any answer; the response comes in the chapter that follows.
Cited passages: 2 Chronicles 6:3, 2 Chronicles 6:12, 2 Chronicles 6:5, 2 Chronicles 6:8, 2 Chronicles 6:16, 2 Chronicles 6:1, 2 Chronicles 6:13, 2 Chronicles 6:36, 2 Chronicles 6:32, 2 Chronicles 6:2, 2 Chronicles 6:30, 2 Chronicles 6:42, 2 Chronicles 7:1
Literary context
The chapter has two halves marked by where Solomon faces. He turns his face to bless the people, and then stands before the altar and spreads his hands toward heaven to pray. The blessing is built on a pairing of mouth and hands, what the Lord spake with his mouth he fulfilled with his hands, and Solomon repeats the pairing inside the prayer. The prayer's body is a series of seven cases with one shape: a condition, a turning toward this place, the words Then hear thou from heaven, and a requested action. The cases widen from one man's oath to a whole people carried captive, and forgiveness is asked more often than victory, so the prayer is more concerned with what happens after failure than with success. The question will God in very deed dwell with men repeats the doubt Solomon voiced to Huram before building began, and God's night answer in the next chapter takes up the prayer's own language of open eyes and hearing from heaven. The close changes from conditions to petitions, arise, let thy priests, turn not away, remember, so the chapter ends in direct appeal rather than in argument.
Cited passages: 2 Chronicles 6:3, 2 Chronicles 6:13, 2 Chronicles 6:4, 2 Chronicles 6:15, 2 Chronicles 6:23, 2 Chronicles 6:25, 2 Chronicles 6:27, 2 Chronicles 6:39, 2 Chronicles 6:22, 2 Chronicles 6:37, 2 Chronicles 6:18, 2 Chronicles 2:6, 2 Chronicles 6:40, 2 Chronicles 7:15, 2 Chronicles 6:41, 2 Chronicles 6:42
Key moments
- A house of habitation (2 Chronicles 6:2). Solomon says the Lord dwells in thick darkness but he has built him a house.
- Kneeling on the scaffold (2 Chronicles 6:13). Solomon kneels on a brasen scaffold in the court and spreads his hands toward heaven.
- Will God dwell with men (2 Chronicles 6:18). Solomon asks whether God will dwell on earth when heaven cannot contain him.
- Hear from heaven and forgive (2 Chronicles 6:21). Solomon asks God to hear prayers made toward this place and to forgive.
- The stranger's prayer (2 Chronicles 6:32). Solomon asks that a foreigner who prays in the house be answered so all peoples may know God's name.
- Captives who turn back (2 Chronicles 6:37). Solomon prays for exiles who confess and pray toward their land, city and house.
- Arise into thy resting place (2 Chronicles 6:41). Solomon ends by calling on the Lord to arise with the ark and remember David's mercies.
For reflection
Solomon calls the house a place for thy dwelling for ever, and then asks God again and again to hear from heaven thy dwelling place. Which of the two does the prayer itself seem to rely on, and does the difference change how a reader hears the seven cases?