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The Histories · Old Testament

2 Samuel 13

Tamar is assaulted and Absalom takes revenge

General context

Following Jonadab's advice, Amnon pretends to be ill and asks David to send Tamar to prepare food. Once he has her alone, he ignores her refusal and rapes her, then has her expelled. Tamar mourns openly and remains desolate in Absalom's house. David is angry, while Absalom says nothing to Amnon and hates him. Two years later Absalom orders Amnon killed at a sheep-shearing feast and flees to Geshur.

Cited passages: 2 Samuel 13:1, 2 Samuel 13:2, 2 Samuel 13:3, 2 Samuel 13:4, 2 Samuel 13:5, 2 Samuel 13:6, 2 Samuel 13:7, 2 Samuel 13:8, 2 Samuel 13:9, 2 Samuel 13:10, 2 Samuel 13:11, 2 Samuel 13:12, 2 Samuel 13:13, 2 Samuel 13:14, 2 Samuel 13:15, 2 Samuel 13:16, 2 Samuel 13:17, 2 Samuel 13:18, 2 Samuel 13:19, 2 Samuel 13:20, 2 Samuel 13:21, 2 Samuel 13:22, 2 Samuel 13:23, 2 Samuel 13:24, 2 Samuel 13:25, 2 Samuel 13:26, 2 Samuel 13:27, 2 Samuel 13:28, 2 Samuel 13:29, 2 Samuel 13:30, 2 Samuel 13:31, 2 Samuel 13:32, 2 Samuel 13:33, 2 Samuel 13:34, 2 Samuel 13:35, 2 Samuel 13:36, 2 Samuel 13:37, 2 Samuel 13:38, 2 Samuel 13:39

2 Samuel 13 (KJV)

1And it came to pass after this, that Absalom the son of David had a fair sister, whose name was Tamar; and Amnon the son of David loved her.

2And Amnon was so vexed, that he fell sick for his sister Tamar; for she was a virgin; and Amnon thought it hard for him to do any thing to her.

3But Amnon had a friend, whose name was Jonadab, the son of Shimeah David’s brother: and Jonadab was a very subtil man.

4And he said unto him, Why art thou, being the king’s son, lean from day to day? wilt thou not tell me? And Amnon said unto him, I love Tamar, my brother Absalom’s sister.

5And Jonadab said unto him, Lay thee down on thy bed, and make thyself sick: and when thy father cometh to see thee, say unto him, I pray thee, let my sister Tamar come, and give me meat, and dress the meat in my sight, that I may see it, and eat it at her hand.

6So Amnon lay down, and made himself sick: and when the king was come to see him, Amnon said unto the king, I pray thee, let Tamar my sister come, and make me a couple of cakes in my sight, that I may eat at her hand.

7Then David sent home to Tamar, saying, Go now to thy brother Amnon’s house, and dress him meat.

8So Tamar went to her brother Amnon’s house; and he was laid down. And she took flour, and kneaded it, and made cakes in his sight, and did bake the cakes.

9And she took a pan, and poured them out before him; but he refused to eat. And Amnon said, Have out all men from me. And they went out every man from him.

10And Amnon said unto Tamar, Bring the meat into the chamber, that I may eat of thine hand. And Tamar took the cakes which she had made, and brought them into the chamber to Amnon her brother.

11And when she had brought them unto him to eat, he took hold of her, and said unto her, Come lie with me, my sister.

12And she answered him, Nay, my brother, do not force me; for no such thing ought to be done in Israel: do not thou this folly.

13And I, whither shall I cause my shame to go? and as for thee, thou shalt be as one of the fools in Israel. Now therefore, I pray thee, speak unto the king; for he will not withhold me from thee.

14Howbeit he would not hearken unto her voice: but, being stronger than she, forced her, and lay with her.

15Then Amnon hated her exceedingly; so that the hatred wherewith he hated her was greater than the love wherewith he had loved her. And Amnon said unto her, Arise, be gone.

16And she said unto him, There is no cause: this evil in sending me away is greater than the other that thou didst unto me. But he would not hearken unto her.

17Then he called his servant that ministered unto him, and said, Put now this woman out from me, and bolt the door after her.

18And she had a garment of divers colours upon her: for with such robes were the king’s daughters that were virgins apparelled. Then his servant brought her out, and bolted the door after her.

19And Tamar put ashes on her head, and rent her garment of divers colours that was on her, and laid her hand on her head, and went on crying.

20And Absalom her brother said unto her, Hath Amnon thy brother been with thee? but hold now thy peace, my sister: he is thy brother; regard not this thing. So Tamar remained desolate in her brother Absalom’s house.

21But when king David heard of all these things, he was very wroth.

22And Absalom spake unto his brother Amnon neither good nor bad: for Absalom hated Amnon, because he had forced his sister Tamar.

23And it came to pass after two full years, that Absalom had sheepshearers in Baal-hazor, which is beside Ephraim: and Absalom invited all the king’s sons.

24And Absalom came to the king, and said, Behold now, thy servant hath sheepshearers; let the king, I beseech thee, and his servants go with thy servant.

25And the king said to Absalom, Nay, my son, let us not all now go, lest we be chargeable unto thee. And he pressed him: howbeit he would not go, but blessed him.

26Then said Absalom, If not, I pray thee, let my brother Amnon go with us. And the king said unto him, Why should he go with thee?

27But Absalom pressed him, that he let Amnon and all the king’s sons go with him.

28Now Absalom had commanded his servants, saying, Mark ye now when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine, and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon; then kill him, fear not: have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.

29And the servants of Absalom did unto Amnon as Absalom had commanded. Then all the king’s sons arose, and every man gat him up upon his mule, and fled.

30And it came to pass, while they were in the way, that tidings came to David, saying, Absalom hath slain all the king’s sons, and there is not one of them left.

31Then the king arose, and tare his garments, and lay on the earth; and all his servants stood by with their clothes rent.

32And Jonadab, the son of Shimeah David’s brother, answered and said, Let not my lord suppose that they have slain all the young men the king’s sons; for Amnon only is dead: for by the appointment of Absalom this hath been determined from the day that he forced his sister Tamar.

33Now therefore let not my lord the king take the thing to his heart, to think that all the king’s sons are dead: for Amnon only is dead.

34But Absalom fled. And the young man that kept the watch lifted up his eyes, and looked, and, behold, there came much people by the way of the hill side behind him.

35And Jonadab said unto the king, Behold, the king’s sons come: as thy servant said, so it is.

36And it came to pass, as soon as he had made an end of speaking, that, behold, the king’s sons came, and lifted up their voice and wept: and the king also and all his servants wept very sore.

37But Absalom fled, and went to Talmai, the son of Ammihud, king of Geshur. And David mourned for his son every day.

38So Absalom fled, and went to Geshur, and was there three years.

39And the soul of king David longed to go forth unto Absalom: for he was comforted concerning Amnon, seeing he was dead.

This page shows the King James Version. In the app, reading opens in the Berean Standard Bible unless you have chosen another translation. The reader includes five translations: the Berean Standard Bible (BSB), the King James Version (KJV), the World English Bible (WEB), the Bible in Basic English (BBE), and the American Standard Version (ASV). Search covers three of them: Berean Standard, King James, and World English. Basic English and American Standard readers search the King James words.

Historical context

The assault takes place within David's family: Tamar is Amnon's sister and is also identified through her brother Absalom. Her distinctive garment marks her place among the king's unmarried daughters. Her plea that Amnon speak to the king is her attempt to stop him, not a legal ruling about sibling marriage. The report that all the princes have been killed is false; Jonadab corrects it, and the surviving sons arrive. Absalom then spends three years in Geshur.

Cited passages: 2 Samuel 13:1, 2 Samuel 13:2, 2 Samuel 13:3, 2 Samuel 13:4, 2 Samuel 13:5, 2 Samuel 13:6, 2 Samuel 13:7, 2 Samuel 13:12, 2 Samuel 13:13, 2 Samuel 13:14, 2 Samuel 13:15, 2 Samuel 13:16, 2 Samuel 13:17, 2 Samuel 13:18, 2 Samuel 13:19, 2 Samuel 13:20, 2 Samuel 13:30, 2 Samuel 13:31, 2 Samuel 13:32, 2 Samuel 13:33, 2 Samuel 13:34, 2 Samuel 13:35, 2 Samuel 13:36, 2 Samuel 13:37, 2 Samuel 13:38, 2 Samuel 13:39

Literary context

Tamar speaks clearly against the wrong, but Amnon refuses to listen both before the assault and when she protests being cast out. His professed love turns to hatred, exposing the violence beneath his desire. The story then follows another plan leading to violence, as Absalom's silence leads to Amnon's killing. The later revenge does not supply Tamar with a narrated restoration; her last scene is one of desolation.

Cited passages: 2 Samuel 13:12, 2 Samuel 13:13, 2 Samuel 13:14, 2 Samuel 13:15, 2 Samuel 13:16, 2 Samuel 13:17, 2 Samuel 13:18, 2 Samuel 13:19, 2 Samuel 13:20, 2 Samuel 13:21, 2 Samuel 13:22, 2 Samuel 13:23, 2 Samuel 13:24, 2 Samuel 13:25, 2 Samuel 13:26, 2 Samuel 13:27, 2 Samuel 13:28, 2 Samuel 13:29

Key moments

  1. Tamar refuses (2 Samuel 13:12). Tamar tells Amnon not to force her and names the proposed act as wrong.
  2. Amnon commits the assault (2 Samuel 13:14). Amnon overpowers and rapes Tamar after refusing to hear her.
  3. Tamar grieves openly (2 Samuel 13:19). She tears her garment, puts ashes on her head and goes away crying.
  4. Amnon's death ordered (2 Samuel 13:28). Absalom instructs his servants to kill Amnon during the feast.
  5. Absalom's exile (2 Samuel 13:38). Absalom remains in Geshur for three years.

For reflection

What is lost if the chapter is read only as a conflict between the brothers instead of attending to Tamar's refusals, grief and unresolved condition?

People in this chapter

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