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The Early Church · New Testament

Acts 27

Acts 27: the voyage toward Italy and the shipwreck

General context

The narration says we as Paul and other prisoners are delivered to Julius, a centurion of Augustus' band, for the sail into Italy, with Aristarchus of Thessalonica aboard. They touch at Sidon, where Julius lets Paul visit his friends, sail under Cyprus because of contrary winds, and at Myra transfer to a ship of Alexandria. They pass slowly under Crete to The fair havens near Lasea. Paul warns that the voyage will bring hurt and much damage to lading, ship and lives, but the centurion believes the master and the owner, and the more part advise wintering at Phenice. A soft south wind draws them out, and a tempestuous wind called Euroclydon catches the ship. They let her drive, undergird the ship, lighten her and cast out the tackling, and after many days with neither sun nor stars all hope of being saved is taken away. Paul stands forth, says they should have hearkened, and reports that the angel of God stood by him saying he must be brought before Cesar and that God has given him all who sail with him. On the fourteenth night the shipmen sound twenty fathoms and then fifteen, and cast four anchors. When they try to escape in the boat, Paul tells the centurion that unless these abide in the ship they cannot be saved, and the soldiers cut the ropes. At daybreak Paul urges them to take meat, takes bread, gives thanks, breaks it and eats; all are of good cheer, two hundred threescore and sixteen souls in all. They run the ship aground where two seas meet and the hinder part breaks up. The soldiers plan to kill the prisoners, the centurion stops them, and all escape to land.

Cited passages: Acts 27:1, Acts 27:2, Acts 27:3, Acts 27:4, Acts 27:5, Acts 27:6, Acts 27:7, Acts 27:8, Acts 27:9, Acts 27:10, Acts 27:11, Acts 27:12, Acts 27:13, Acts 27:14, Acts 27:15, Acts 27:16, Acts 27:17, Acts 27:18, Acts 27:19, Acts 27:20, Acts 27:21, Acts 27:22, Acts 27:23, Acts 27:24, Acts 27:26, Acts 27:27, Acts 27:28, Acts 27:29, Acts 27:30, Acts 27:31, Acts 27:32, Acts 27:33, Acts 27:35, Acts 27:36, Acts 27:37, Acts 27:38, Acts 27:41, Acts 27:42, Acts 27:43, Acts 27:44

Acts 27 (KJV)

1And when it was determined that we should sail into Italy, they delivered Paul and certain other prisoners unto one named Julius, a centurion of Augustus’ band.

2And entering into a ship of Adramyttium, we launched, meaning to sail by the coasts of Asia; one Aristarchus, a Macedonian of Thessalonica, being with us.

3And the next day we touched at Sidon. And Julius courteously entreated Paul, and gave him liberty to go unto his friends to refresh himself.

4And when we had launched from thence, we sailed under Cyprus, because the winds were contrary.

5And when we had sailed over the sea of Cilicia and Pamphylia, we came to Myra, a city of Lycia.

6And there the centurion found a ship of Alexandria sailing into Italy; and he put us therein.

7And when we had sailed slowly many days, and scarce were come over against Cnidus, the wind not suffering us, we sailed under Crete, over against Salmone;

8And, hardly passing it, came unto a place which is called The fair havens; nigh whereunto was the city of Lasea.

9Now when much time was spent, and when sailing was now dangerous, because the fast was now already past, Paul admonished them,

10And said unto them, Sirs, I perceive that this voyage will be with hurt and much damage, not only of the lading and ship, but also of our lives.

11Nevertheless the centurion believed the master and the owner of the ship, more than those things which were spoken by Paul.

12And because the haven was not commodious to winter in, the more part advised to depart thence also, if by any means they might attain to Phenice, and there to winter; which is an haven of Crete, and lieth toward the south west and north west.

13And when the south wind blew softly, supposing that they had obtained their purpose, loosing thence, they sailed close by Crete.

14But not long after there arose against it a tempestuous wind, called Euroclydon.

15And when the ship was caught, and could not bear up into the wind, we let her drive.

16And running under a certain island which is called Clauda, we had much work to come by the boat:

17Which when they had taken up, they used helps, undergirding the ship; and, fearing lest they should fall into the quicksands, strake sail, and so were driven.

18And we being exceedingly tossed with a tempest, the next day they lightened the ship;

19And the third day we cast out with our own hands the tackling of the ship.

20And when neither sun nor stars in many days appeared, and no small tempest lay on us, all hope that we should be saved was then taken away.

21But after long abstinence Paul stood forth in the midst of them, and said, Sirs, ye should have hearkened unto me, and not have loosed from Crete, and to have gained this harm and loss.

22And now I exhort you to be of good cheer: for there shall be no loss of any man’s life among you, but of the ship.

23For there stood by me this night the angel of God, whose I am, and whom I serve,

24Saying, Fear not, Paul; thou must be brought before Cæsar: and, lo, God hath given thee all them that sail with thee.

25Wherefore, sirs, be of good cheer: for I believe God, that it shall be even as it was told me.

26Howbeit we must be cast upon a certain island.

27But when the fourteenth night was come, as we were driven up and down in Adria, about midnight the shipmen deemed that they drew near to some country;

28And sounded, and found it twenty fathoms: and when they had gone a little further, they sounded again, and found it fifteen fathoms.

29Then fearing lest we should have fallen upon rocks, they cast four anchors out of the stern, and wished for the day.

30And as the shipmen were about to flee out of the ship, when they had let down the boat into the sea, under colour as though they would have cast anchors out of the foreship,

31Paul said to the centurion and to the soldiers, Except these abide in the ship, ye cannot be saved.

32Then the soldiers cut off the ropes of the boat, and let her fall off.

33And while the day was coming on, Paul besought them all to take meat, saying, This day is the fourteenth day that ye have tarried and continued fasting, having taken nothing.

34Wherefore I pray you to take some meat: for this is for your health: for there shall not an hair fall from the head of any of you.

35And when he had thus spoken, he took bread, and gave thanks to God in presence of them all: and when he had broken it, he began to eat.

36Then were they all of good cheer, and they also took some meat.

37And we were in all in the ship two hundred threescore and sixteen souls.

38And when they had eaten enough, they lightened the ship, and cast out the wheat into the sea.

39And when it was day, they knew not the land: but they discovered a certain creek with a shore, into the which they were minded, if it were possible, to thrust in the ship.

40And when they had taken up the anchors, they committed themselves unto the sea, and loosed the rudder bands, and hoised up the mainsail to the wind, and made toward shore.

41And falling into a place where two seas met, they ran the ship aground; and the forepart stuck fast, and remained unmoveable, but the hinder part was broken with the violence of the waves.

42And the soldiers’ counsel was to kill the prisoners, lest any of them should swim out, and escape.

43But the centurion, willing to save Paul, kept them from their purpose; and commanded that they which could swim should cast themselves first into the sea, and get to land:

44And the rest, some on boards, and some on broken pieces of the ship. And so it came to pass, that they escaped all safe to land.

This page shows the King James Version. In the app, reading opens in the Berean Standard Bible unless you have chosen another translation. The reader includes five translations: the Berean Standard Bible (BSB), the King James Version (KJV), the World English Bible (WEB), the Bible in Basic English (BBE), and the American Standard Version (ASV). Search covers three of them: Berean Standard, King James, and World English. Basic English and American Standard readers search the King James words.

Historical context

The first person plural continues through the voyage without the text saying who is included; Aristarchus is the only fellow traveller named besides Paul and the centurion. The decision to leave Fair Havens is attributed to the centurion believing the master and the owner of the ship, and to the advice of the more part, so three parties are distinguished. Paul's first warning is given as his own perception; the later assurance is reported as the words of the angel of God who stood by him that night. The chapter supplies sea marks and measurements, the wind's name Euroclydon, soundings of twenty and fifteen fathoms, four anchors, fourteen days and nights, and two hundred threescore and sixteen souls, and gives no dates. The only time reference of that kind is that the fast was now already past.

Cited passages: Acts 27:1, Acts 27:2, Acts 27:9, Acts 27:10, Acts 27:11, Acts 27:12, Acts 27:14, Acts 27:23, Acts 27:24, Acts 27:27, Acts 27:28, Acts 27:29, Acts 27:37

Literary context

Advice refused and then vindicated organizes the chapter. Paul speaks three times, and each time the situation is worse: before sailing, when all hope is gone, and at daybreak over food. The sailing narrative is told in stages of loss, the tackling, then the sun and stars, then the boat cut away, then the wheat, and finally the ship itself, while the count of lives stays whole. The meal at the lowest point is described in plain steps of taking, thanking, breaking and eating, and the crew's mood turns immediately after it. The last threat comes not from the sea but from the soldiers' plan to kill the prisoners, and the escape is stated flatly, without comment, in the chapter's closing line.

Cited passages: Acts 27:10, Acts 27:11, Acts 27:16, Acts 27:19, Acts 27:20, Acts 27:21, Acts 27:22, Acts 27:31, Acts 27:33, Acts 27:35, Acts 27:36, Acts 27:38, Acts 27:41, Acts 27:42, Acts 27:44

Key moments

  1. The warning at Fair Havens (Acts 27:10). Paul says the voyage will bring hurt and much damage to lading, ship and lives.
  2. The advice that prevails (Acts 27:11). The centurion believes the master and the owner of the ship rather than Paul.
  3. Euroclydon strikes (Acts 27:14). A tempestuous wind rises against the ship not long after they sail.
  4. All hope taken away (Acts 27:20). With neither sun nor stars for many days, hope of being saved is gone.
  5. The angel's message (Acts 27:24). Paul reports being told he must be brought before Cesar and that all who sail with him are given him.
  6. Bread at daybreak (Acts 27:35). Paul takes bread, gives thanks before them all, breaks it and begins to eat.
  7. Aground and ashore (Acts 27:44). The ship breaks up and all on board escape safe to land.

For reflection

Paul first tells them they should have hearkened to him, then tells them to be of good cheer. How do those two sentences sit together once the damage is already done?

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